Student Loan Blog : federal financial aid

Students Could Wave Goodbye to Merit–Based Federal Aid

Student Loan Girl — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 16:41:00 GMT

In another move to restructure the federal financial aid system, President Obama has proposed ending the government’s five-year foray into merit-based student aid and redirecting those financial aid funds to the need-based Pell Grant program, reports The Chronicle of Higher Education (“An Experiment in Merit-Based Student Aid Is Likely to End,” June 26, 2009).

The Academic Competitiveness Grant and the National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent Grant programs were created by Congress in 2006 to encourage students to take academically “rigorous” coursework in high school and then choose college majors in fields with labor shortages.

Only students who are eligible for need-based Pell Grants can qualify for the Academic Competitiveness Grants, which provide $750 and $1,300 to college freshmen and sophomores respectively, and for the SMART grants, which provide $4,000 to college juniors and seniors who major in science, math, and certain foreign languages.

But so far both grant programs have fallen short of their participation projections, due in large part to the Department of Education’s failure to promote the programs, as reported by the department’s own inspector general in 2008.

The other major problem has been the programs’ vague qualification criteria, which has made it difficult for financial aid officers’ to determine award recipients. The American Council on Education, in a 2006 letter to the Department of Education, called the grant program’s guidelines “unworkable” and defined them as placing a “breathtaking administrative burden” on colleges’ financial aid officers.

Obama’s Proposal Receives Support From Education Officials

Education Department officials support the president’s proposal to make the Pell program an entitlement with annual increases tied to inflation and to raise the maximum Pell awards by $200 to $5,500 by the 2010–11 academic year because, they say, the Pell Grant program better serves low-income students than the competitiveness grant programs.

This proposal “would benefit the vast majority of the nearly six million Pell Grant recipients worldwide,” even though the annual increases amount to significantly less funding for the one in 10 students who qualify for the Academic Competitiveness and SMART grants.

Even former Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings, who crafted the merit-based programs under the Bush administration, backs the proposal.

“Do higher education officials and K-12 officials prefer free money with no strings attached? Absolutely,” Spellings said. “But if we’re trying to move the needle, putting resources behind our policy goals is a more powerful and prudent way to go."

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FAFSA Discourages Students From Applying for Federal Loans

Student Loan Girl — Wed, 10 Jun 2009 21:10:00 GMT

A large proportion of students who only take out non-federal private student loans to finance their education aren’t applying for federal financial aid at all, and it’s the application itself that may be culprit, a new study suggests (“Nightmare Application May Be Driving Students to Costly Loans,” Forbes, June 9, 2009).

In his study of 250,000 students, Mark Kantrowitz, publisher of FinAid.org, a website that offers information on financial aid and student loans, found that since 1999, among those students who relied exclusively on private student loans, 60 percent of undergraduates and nearly 90 percent of graduate students didn’t complete the FAFSA, the Free Application for Federal Student Aid.

The number of students who only take out private student loans has increased 27 percent over the last 10 years. Between 2007 and 2008, the private loans taken out by students who forwent their federal financial aid options amounted to $6.2 billion — nearly 30 percent of the $22.5 billion in new private student loans originated that year.

Proposed Changes Would Eliminate FAFSA

The study’s findings come at a pivotal time in the FAFSA’s history, as the U.S. Department of Education weighs two proposals to overhaul the federal financial aid application process, one of which would carry out President Obama’s campaign promise to eliminate the FAFSA completely.

The FAFSA — currently the only way for families to apply for federal financial aid for college and graduate school — advertises itself as requiring only one hour to complete. But the six-page application calls for families to provide information about their adjusted gross income, marital status, value of their personal property, and taxable income — hurdles, Kantrowitz says, that “may deter students from applying for federal aid.”

A revamp of the FAFSA or of the application process itself could encourage more students to apply for federal student loans, which are typically less costly than private student loans, generally offering lower, fixed interest rates and more flexible repayment terms.

One proposal being considered would simplify the financial aid application form to require only adjusted gross income figures and tax exemption numbers. The other plan that’s been suggested would eliminate an application form altogether and allow the Internal Revenue Service to pass on information from financial aid applicants’ tax returns directly to the Department of Education.

Kantrowitz says a change in the financial aid application process may, in particular, help students from low-income families. His study found that low-income students have been more likely to end up turning to private student loans, which will generally cost them more than federal college loans would: Students from families who earn less than $50,000 a year accounted for two-thirds of those borrowers who financed their education solely with private loans.

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Arizona Officials Respond to Students’ Need for Affordable College Options

Student Loan Girl — Mon, 11 May 2009 23:45:00 GMT

To combat one of the most severe budget crises in its recent history, the state of Arizona is considering opening a fourth major university or converting an existing community college into a four-year school, The Arizona Republic reports (“Regents’ Plan: A New College,” May 6, 2009).

State legislators and Gov. Jan Brewer are pressing the Arizona Board of Regents — the governing board of the state’s three public universities — to come up with suggestions, by June, for how to create new “low-cost” and “university-quality” higher education options for Arizona students who are looking for a more affordable alternative to a traditional four-year degree at a research institution.

Arizona lags behind other states in the percentage of its population that holds a four-year degree: Only 25 percent of Arizona adults over the age of 25 have attained at least a bachelor’s degree, compared with the national average of 28 percent.

And for the nearly 125,000 students educated through Arizona’s public universities each year, the state’s three-school system, consisting of the University of Arizona, Arizona State University, and Northern Arizona University, is much smaller compared to other states’.

Still, it wasn’t until recently, when the state started experiencing its budgetary problems and the three state universities started preparing for an additional round of steep tuition increases, that the Board of Regents felt the urgency to begin acting on proposed solutions that have been lingering for quite a while.

“Everything is on the table,” says Ernie Calderón, the Board of Regents incoming president.

And by “everything,” Calderón means the host of varied ideas that have been floated before the Board of Regents as possible courses of action:

Buy one of the schools in the Maricopa Community College system and turn it into a four-year institution

Convert one of Northern Arizona University’s remote campuses into a full-fledged, standalone university

Create a system of state colleges that award four-year degrees without a focus on research

Partner with a local municipality to develop an affordable four-year school system

The Maricopa Community College system has also been approached with the idea of creating a junior-senior college that would allow students who have already completed their two-year degree to finish their bachelor’s degree at a two-year school rather than at a four-year university.

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Private Student Loans: Proceed With Caution

Student Loan Girl — Mon, 04 May 2009 21:07:00 GMT

Although the government has taken steps to bolster the federal student loan program by expanding Pell Grant awards and raising the maximum award amount of federal Stafford student loans, federal financial aid will still not be enough for many families to pay for college this year.

Grappling with stock market losses that have negatively affected 529 college savings plans and with declining home values that have essentially made home equity loans nonexistent, families of college students will likely have to rely more on private student loans, in addition to federal aid, this year to help pay for their education expenses, reports The New York Times (“Students’ First Lesson: Beware Loans’ Fine Print", May 2, 2009).

But the Times warns that private student loan borrowers need to be particularly cautious when applying for loans.

Private student loan lenders can set their own loan terms and aren’t required to inform their borrowers of the loans rates, fees, and terms. Citing data compiled by Student Lending Analytics, a company that helps schools analyze lending programs, the Times advises families applying for private student loans to weigh their options carefully and to take a close look at the fine print.

Interest Rates Vary From Lender to Lender

Unlike federal student loans, which have fixed interest rates, private student loans carry an average interest rate of 11 percent, according to Student Lending Analytics. However, lenders charge interest rates higher than 11 percent and, in some cases, won’t disclose the interest rate a borrower will be charged until after a borrower signs a promissory note.

Banks offer fixed-rate loans ranging from 7 percent to 12 percent, with big banks charging the highest rates. But at times, banks — particularly JPMorgan Chase, PNC Financial, and SunTrust Bank — hike up the rates on these loans by two to three percentage points if a borrower misses just one loan payment.

The variable-rate loans that private lenders offer can be tied to a specified interest rate index, like the prime rate, and their rates can vary depending on the changes to rate index. Chase, for example, charges interest as high as 13.5 percent on these loans.

Lenders Should Disclose All Fees

Tim Ranzetta, the founder of Student Lending Analytics, says lenders should be required to disclose any adjustments they make to an interest rate when a borrower misses a payment or when any other negative activity takes place on a borrower’s account.

Currently, lenders don’t disclose all the possible fees borrowers may be charged in the servicing and collection of their student loans, and lenders’ loan contracts don’t always inform borrowers of the borrower benefits promised in the lender advertisements, including the possibility of a borrower being charged a lower interest rate after graduation.

Ranzetta says, in addition to demanding that lenders fully disclose their loan terms, lenders should also be required to list their advertised benefits in the promissory note in order to contractually obligate lenders to offer their benefits.

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College Board Pushes Obama to Grant Financial Aid to Undocumented Immigrants

Student Loan Girl — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 20:10:00 GMT

The College Board — an organization of some 5,000 colleges best known for its college admission tests — has petitioned Congress to allow students who are undocumented immigrants to qualify for tuition aid and citizenship, The Associated Press reports (“U.S. Colleges Push Tuition Aid for Immigrants,” April 21, 2009).

While undocumented immigrants are legally entitled to a K-12 public education, the issue of granting undocumented immigrants the same college access given to American citizens has proven controversial. As the immigration debate has intensified, several states have moved to bar undocumented immigrants from paying in-state tuition, and in some cases, from enrolling in their public colleges.

Citing data from its recently-released report, which found that states that offer financial aid to undocumented immigrants have generally increased their college revenue, not lessened it, the College Board says federal legislation is needed to nationally extend in-state tuition rates to all undocumented students.

“This is a new area for us, but it was an easy call,” said Thomas Rudin, senior vice president of the College Board. Rudin says it's contradictory that the same undocumented immigrants who receive a K-12 public education suddenly encounter obstacles when applying to college, even those who are “honor-roll students, athletes, class presidents, and valedictorians.”

“We absolutely believe it’s important for opening up economic opportunities,” Rudin said.

Federal Stance Unclear: States Set Own Agenda

Although the Supreme Court ruled in 1982 that undocumented immigrants may obtain a K–12 education, the federal law remains silent on what higher education benefits they’re entitled to, leaving it up to the discretion of individual states.

Nine states offer in-state tuition to undocumented immigrants, while other states including Arizona, Georgia, Colorado, and Oklahoma have adopted legislation barring undocumented immigrants from paying in-state tuition rates, the Associated Press reports. Other states such as South Carolina bar undocumented immigrants from even enrolling in any of their public colleges.

President Obama is expected to address the issue of immigration reform later this year. In particular, Obama will look at the Dream Act, legislation first proposed in 2001, that would grant conditional legal status to undocumented immigrants who have lived in the U.S. for five years and who have graduated from high school. These students would then be eligible for in-state tuition and federal financial aid, including Pell Grants and federal student loans.

While critics contend that such immigration reform would eliminate jobs and reduce college enrollment slots, the College Board’s findings reveal that immigration reform would help to stimulate the economy, since a college education would help undocumented students to obtain better jobs and higher incomes than they would have received with only a high school education. The boost to the economy would show up in the form of increased tax revenue and consumer spending, the organization stated.

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Students Increasingly Choosing Private Student Loans

Student Loan Girl — Wed, 22 Apr 2009 22:39:00 GMT

According to analysis of Department of Education data released last week, the number of college students taking out private student loans over the last five years has risen sharply. Analysis by student advocacy group The Project on Student Debt revealed that the percentage of all undergraduates who took out private student loans last school year jumped to 14 percent from 5 percent during the 2003–04 academic year (“New Data Show Big Increases in Private Student Loan Borrowing,” The Project on Student Debt press release, April 21, 2009).

The data showed that students attending schools that charge more than $10,000 in tuition and fees were more likely to use private student loans than were students attending less costly institutions. In fact, these for-profit colleges and universities saw the percentage of students who took out private student loan skyrocket to 42 percent last year compared to 13 percent five years ago.

The Project on Student Debt also found that slightly more than a quarter of private student loan borrowers didn’t take out federal student loans: 14 percent didn’t even apply for federal financial aid, and 12 percent filled out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid but chose not to take out a federal Stafford student loan.

These federal student loan statistics are particularly concerning, said Laura Asher, acting president of the Institute for College Access & Success, which runs The Project on Student Debt, because federal loans are available to nearly all students, regardless of their income, and because federal loans tend to have more favorable interest rates and repayment terms than private student loans.

“Too many students,” Asher said, “are missing out on federal loans and going straight to one of the riskiest borrowing options.

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College Unattainable for Undocumented Immigrants

Student Loan Girl — Thu, 12 Mar 2009 00:08:00 GMT

Judah Lakin, a Rhode Island high school teacher, spends much of his time trying to help his students prepare for college. But even if his students have what it takes to pursue a higher education, many of them are undocumented immigrants and will never step foot on a college campus because they don’t have access to federal financial aid or in-state tuition, The New York Times reports (“Longtime Residents Not Allowed In-State Tuition,” March 8, 2009).

Twenty-two percent of Rhode Island children live in immigrant families and, like immigrant students in 39 other states, they’re ineligible for in-state tuition. Because out-of-state tuition often costs three times as much as in-state tuition — a price difference of $16,000 at the University of Rhode Island for example — many undocumented students are priced out of a college education.

And since federal law prohibits undocumented students from qualifying for federal grants and student loans, these students have little to no means of finding college financial aid.

The lack of college prospects for undocumented students hurts the state, says Robert Carothers, president of the University of Rhode Island.

“It does no good to keep people who live here from an education by which they could make contributions back to the state. It perpetuates ignorance, which is not in our interest,” Carothers says.

Undocumented Students Naïve About the Effects of Their Non-Residency

Lakin’s immigrant students are often completely unaware of how easily their undocumented status can derail their college aspirations, he says.

One of his students is more than academically qualified to attend a Rhode Island college or university but can’t afford the out-of-state tuition fees she would be required to pay at a local college because of her undocumented status. Although the student has lived in the United States since she was a baby and her mother has a legal work permit and pays taxes, the student has not established U.S. residency.

“This student always assumed she’d go to a good college,” says Lakin, who has asked his school district to help educate students about all of their legal residency options. “She’s used to getting awards and internships, but nobody ever explained to her the gravity of what remaining undocumented would mean for her college prospects.”

To help undocumented students attain a college education, state legislator Grace Diaz has introduced legislation that would grant in-state tuition rights to undocumented students who’ve lived in the state for more than three years.

But even though the legislation has gained some support, it has received strong opposition from anti-immigration supporters, including Terry Gorman, executive director of Rhode Islanders for Immigration Law Enforcement, who feels it's “unfair to U.S. citizens to have to pay the tax burden for the college educations of illegals.”

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Harvard Inks Custom Loan Deal to Help International Graduate Students

Student Loan Girl — Tue, 03 Mar 2009 23:47:00 GMT

At a time when large numbers of lenders exiting the student loan marketplace has made it more difficult for international students to find college and graduate school funding, Harvard has announced an exclusive agreement with JPMorgan Chase that will allow the school’s international graduate students to borrow up to the full cost of attendance without a co-signer, reports The Harvard Crimson (“Harvard Strikes Loan Deal,” March 2, 2009).

Considered the first deal of its kind for the banking giant, the new private loan agreement may make it easier for international students — who are ineligible for U.S. federal financial aid — to get the money they need for school.

The JPMorgan deal was arranged after Citibank announced it would no longer offer loans to Harvard’s international graduate students in October of last year, citing the frozen credit markets and higher loan default rates among international students compared to their American counterparts.

Citibank also cancelled similar arrangements with MIT and the University of Michigan, The Harvard Crimson reports.

Harvard’s arrangement with JPMorgan is part of the school’s pledge to maintain its current levels of graduate student aid for the next school year even at the expense of other programs, says Harvard President Drew Faust — a commitment she deems one of the university’s top priorities.

The university has also unveiled several expanded financial aid programs, including those for Harvard Law School and Harvard Medical School, as part of its renewed commitment to meeting student need.

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House Dems Get Second Crack at Higher Education Appropriations Bill

Student Loan Girl — Wed, 25 Feb 2009 23:23:00 GMT

Just days after President Obama signed a $787 billion economic stimulus bill into law, House Democrats have reintroduced a $410 billion overdue appropriations measure that would finance dozens of federal agencies and programs, including many related to higher education, whose budgets went unapproved during the last session of Congress, reports The Chronicle of Higher Education (“Delayed Appropriations Bill Would Increase Pell Grant and Research Funds,” Feb. 24, 2009).

During the tail end of the Bush administration, democratic lawmakers chose to put the original appropriations bill on the back burner after President Bush threatened to veto any measure that would exceed his fiscal budget. Instead, legislators passed a “continuing resolution” to fund the budgetless organizations at fiscal 2008 levels through March 6, so that legislators could revisit the appropriations bill under a new administration.

Lawmakers, after being delayed by work on the stimulus bill, are finally taking a second look at the appropriations bill just days before the continuing resolution’s termination date and President Obama’s scheduled release of his fiscal year 2010 budget.

The proposed spending bill will “keep the government running and finish last year’s business,” said David Obey D-Wis., head of the House Appropriations Committee, as wells as complement the Obama administration’s economic recovery package.

While the proposed budget measure will provide expanded funding to a variety of agencies and programs, it currently offers few specific financing details. The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education could get $133.7 million to fund projects intended to model improvements to college education and accessibility, the Gear Up program could get $313.2 million to help financially needy middle and high school students prepare for college, and the government’s student financial aid programs could get a $19.2 billion boost.

The House Appropriations Committee bill would also expand research funding for the National Institutes of Health by $938 million, and provide an additional $347 million in funding to the Federal Pell Grant Program, drawing on the budget previously allocated for the underutilized, and Bush administration-supported, Academic Competitiveness and National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent grant programs.

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Experts Recommend: Fill Out Your FAFSA Early

Student Loan Girl — Fri, 02 Jan 2009 23:37:00 GMT

Students who want to maximize their federal financial aid for the 2009–10 academic year should fill out their FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid) this week — the first week applications are accepted, reports The Baltimore Sun (“Ringing in the New Year With FAFSA Might Be a Good Move for 2009,” Dec. 30, 2009).

“The sooner you get [the FAFSA] done, the better,” says Mark Kantrowitz, publisher of FinAid, a financial aid website.

Since many states and colleges use the FAFSA to determine how to allocate their funds and some schools have early admissions deadlines, students who complete their application sooner rather than later may have a better chance of getting federal financial aid. Schools often have two separate financial aid funds, each with their own deadlines, and make more money available to families who met the earlier deadline, Kantrowitz says.

He recommends that families should always fill out the FAFSA even if they think they make too much money to qualify for need-based financial aid; a family making $100,000 or more could still qualify for federal and state aid to attend an expensive institution.

Resources to Get Started

Find out how to fill out your FAFSA online.

Use the FAFSA4caster at www.fafsa4caster.ed.gov to calculate how much financial aid you may qualify for and to get tips on how to reduce the time it takes you to complete your FAFSA.

Call the Federal Student Aid Information Center for free at 1-800-433-3243 if you need help with your application.

Go to www.finaid.org for tips on how to maximize the need-based aid you could receive.

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Private Student Loan Funding Dries Up for South Carolina Lender

Student Loan Girl — Mon, 24 Nov 2008 22:19:00 GMT

South Carolina’s largest student loan provider — the predominate lender of private student loans for the state’s two largest college campuses, the University of South Carolina and Clemson University — has run out of money to issue new private student loans, reports The Greenville News (“South Carolina Student Loan Corp. Suspends Private Lending,” Nov. 20, 2008).

South Carolina Student Loan Corp., which funded $48 million in private student loans and $500 million in federal student loans last year, will stop accepting applications for new private student loans immediately, affecting some 12,000 students who rely on these loans to supplement their financial aid.

The nonprofit lender initially anticipated it would have sufficient funds to meet the state’s demand for private student loans, said company president Chuck Sanders, but the credit crunch has made it more difficult for the lender to find investors willing to buy its student loans.

While the lender has been unable to secure new financing, South Carolina Student Loan Corp. will honor the private student loans it has committed to for the coming spring semester, Sanders said.

The state lender will still offer federal student loans, including Stafford student loans, to students attending any South Carolina college or university and to South Carolina residents who attend out-of-state schools.

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College Tuition, Student Borrowing On the Rise In Down Economy

Student Loan Girl — Mon, 03 Nov 2008 08:50:00 GMT

A new report has found that last year’s increases in college tuition were more on pace with rises in the Consumer Price Index — the measure of the average price of consumer goods and services. But despite the relative steadiness of college affordability, students still received record amounts of financial aid and borrowed more in student loans, according to findings of the College Board’s 2008 Trends in Higher Education Series.

The 2008 Trends in College Pricing report, which covers this academic year’s college costs, found that while the CPI rose nearly 5.6 percent this year, the average in-state tuition and fees at public four-year institutions increased by 6.4 percent to $6,585. Average tuition and fees at two-year public colleges jumped 4.7 percent to $2,402, and increased 5.9 percent at private four-year colleges and universities to $25,143.

“College prices are doing what other prices are doing. They’re not going up more rapidly; they’re just keeping pace,” said Sandy Baum, a senior policy analyst for the College Board and a Skidmore College economics professor (“Downturn Expected to Drive Tuition Up,” The New York Times, Oct. 30, 2008).

Lagging Economy Could Spark Increased Demand for Financial Aid

The concern among education experts is that while tuition increases were milder and closer inline with the CPI this year, these numbers may already be out of date. Since the data was gathered before the economy began its downward spiral, students at both public and private institutions may be in for even larger tuition hikes and even more borrowing next year.

The current economic crunch has led many states to slash their higher education budgets. In order to compensate for the loss of state funds, public colleges and universities in more than 12 states have been forced to raise their tuition costs.

But the flagging economy hasn’t just affected state schools; private colleges and universities have had difficulties raising funds from private donors — their largest source of financing — and have had to push any increased costs onto students.

“Private colleges face a real quandary,” Baum said. “Everybody’s going to have more people applying for financial aid, and it could really be that they’re going to lose enrollment if they can’t meet the need.”

According to the 2008 Trends in Student Aid report, part of the College Board’s Trends in Higher Education Series, graduate and undergraduate students received more than $143 billion in federal financial aid last year, and borrowed $19 billion from state and private lending sources — figures that are expected to rise as the cost of college increases.

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Paying for College Gets More Challenging For Families

Student Loan Girl — Thu, 23 Oct 2008 00:42:00 GMT

Paying for college definitely isn’t getting any easier.

“It just seems like it’s really hard, because it is,” says Diana Jacobs, a mother of twin, college seniors, whose husband recently lost his job, forcing the family to go from borrowing modestly to maxing out their student loan amounts (“In Downturn Families Strain to Pay Tuition,” The New York Times, Oct. 16, 2008).

To meet her sons’ college expenses this year, Jacobs pressured the twins’ schools to increase their financial aid offers — each school offered $3,000 more in aid. And for the first time, Jacobs told her sons that she wouldn’t be able to assume their student loan debt, leaving the twins to take out their college loans in their own names.

“We all came to that consensus, but I hate it,” Jacobs said. “I hate for them to come out of school with $20,000 in student loans.”

The Jacobs family is not alone. The current economic conditions have made it even more difficult for families to afford the continually rising cost of college: unemployment is rampant, the cost of living is increasing, and home values are declining, making it more difficult for families to get home equity loans to help fund college expenses.

Slow Economy Causing Widespread Financial Challenges

Economic times have become so challenging that a recent survey of nearly 3,000 parents found that 62 percent of families plan to use student loans to help pay for college expenses this year, up from 53 percent just a year ago, according to Fidelity Investments’ College Savings Indicator.

The survey also revealed that parents may meet only 21 percent of the total cost of their children’s college education this year, down from 24 percent last year.

Families’ financial challenges have led to a 10-percent increase in financial aid applications this year. Aid administrators are concerned that this increased demand for federal financial aid — from 12.3 million applications last year to 13.5 million this year — may be too much for the government and schools to handle, now that more than 100 private, third-party lenders, citing reduced profit margins and increased difficulty finding investors, have left the federal student loan program.

Making the federal financial aid problem worse, states are facing widespread budget shortages and cutting back on the financial aid funding they give to colleges and universities, and schools’ own financial aid funds are dwindling due to disappointing returns on their endowments.

The economic downturn has also forced private student loan lenders who offer credit-based private student loans, which help families fill the gap between federal financial aid and the total cost of attendance, to rapidly adapt to changes in the credit markets. In recent months, these lenders, to avoid having borrowers default on their loans, have tightened their credit criteria, causing students who had previously borrowed on their own to need cosigners this year.

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Government Warns: Pell Grant Program in Trouble

Student Loan Girl — Mon, 22 Sep 2008 21:47:00 GMT

Without additional taxpayer funds next year, the government’s “most important” federal financial aid program may be unable to provide Pell Grants to millions of eligible low-income students, likely pricing these students out of a higher education, according to an article in The New York Times (“Pell Grants Said to Face a Shortfall,” Sept. 17, 2008).

In a memorandum issued last week, the Department of Education warned that it predicts a $6 billion shortage for the federal Pell Grant program next year, stemming from continuous budget shortfalls and compounded by the record-high number of students qualifying for the federal Pell Grant program.

Rising tuition costs, shrinking state aid to colleges and universities, and a growing number of adults who are reenrolling in college are all putting a strain on federal financial aid resources, particularly on Pell Grants, which don’t have to be repaid. This school year alone, six million students out of the nine million who applied for federal financial aid received Pell Grants, some of the highest numbers the program has seen since its inception in 1972.

“It’s the mother of all shortfalls,” said Barmak Nassirian, associate executive director of the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers. “There’s more unmet need than anyone predicted.”

Last year Congress appropriated nearly $14 billion for the Pell Grant program, but as the troubled economy continues to force adults out of the workforce and back into the classroom, the Department of Education said it will either need to allocate more taxpayer money to the Pell Grant program or decrease the grant award amounts students can receive next year.

Should the Education Department decide to reduce Pell Grant awards, it would make an announcement detailing its decision sometime in February 2009, according to the memorandum.

“If [the Pell Grant program] is threatened, you’ll hear about it,” said Edward M. Elmendorf, senior vice president of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities. “The decibel level will be deafening.”

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Education Department at Fault for Low Participation in Grant Programs, Audit Shows

Student Loan Girl — Tue, 05 Aug 2008 00:58:00 GMT

In an audit of the Department of Education, the department’s own inspector general blames the lack of participation in the government’s Academic Competitiveness and National Smart Grant programs on his department’s failure to effectively promote the programs, according to an article in The Chronicle of Higher Education (“Education Dept. Blamed for Not Doing Enough to Promote Grants,” August 4, 2008).

Low-income students who completed their state’s rigorous coursework requirements in high school are eligible for Academic Competitive Grants, otherwise known as ACG, during their freshmen and sophomore years of college. Smart Grants are awarded to low-income college juniors and seniors who are taking classes toward the completion of specific majors, including math, engineering, or technology, and maintain a 3.0 GPA.

The audit, released Friday, suggests that the Education Department hasn’t done enough to “follow-up with nonparticipating schools to ensure those [schools] required to participate” in the two programs were doing so, the inspector general said.

Although Congress approved $790 million in grants for the two programs during the 2006–07 academic year and up to $4.5 billion through 2010, the Education Department only awarded $242 million in Academic Competitiveness Grants to 310,000 students, and only $206 million in Smart Grants to 64,000 students.

Secretary Spellings Justifies Programs’ Shortcomings

Last month, Education Secretary Margaret Spellings suggested that the low participation in the grant programs was due to the fact that not enough high schools were teaching courses that meet the academic standards of the program.

While Spellings lays the blame on high schools, the inspector general’s report showed that the department had a list of 640 nonparticipating colleges and universities that were potentially eligible for the ACG program.

More than half of the schools did not respond to the department when it attempted to contact them. In a random sample of 75, or 23 percent, of these 330 nonparticipating schools, however, the report found that more than 83 percent were considered eligible.

And among the 310 schools that did respond to the department’s outreach, administrators at 23 percent of these schools said they didn’t know their schools were eligible. The inspector general found that more than 73 percent of these school were, in fact, eligible for the programs.

To improve participation in the programs, the inspector general recommends that the Education Department do a better job of reaching out to colleges and universities with eligible students. The department should also consider fining schools or taking away their eligibility to participate in the federal Pell Grant program if they have qualified students enrolled but don’t participate in the ACG or the National SMART Grant programs.

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