Student Loan Blog : President Obama

FAFSA Discourages Students From Applying for Federal Loans

Student Loan Girl — Wed, 10 Jun 2009 21:10:00 GMT

A large proportion of students who only take out non-federal private student loans to finance their education aren’t applying for federal financial aid at all, and it’s the application itself that may be culprit, a new study suggests (“Nightmare Application May Be Driving Students to Costly Loans,” Forbes, June 9, 2009).

In his study of 250,000 students, Mark Kantrowitz, publisher of FinAid.org, a website that offers information on financial aid and student loans, found that since 1999, among those students who relied exclusively on private student loans, 60 percent of undergraduates and nearly 90 percent of graduate students didn’t complete the FAFSA, the Free Application for Federal Student Aid.

The number of students who only take out private student loans has increased 27 percent over the last 10 years. Between 2007 and 2008, the private loans taken out by students who forwent their federal financial aid options amounted to $6.2 billion — nearly 30 percent of the $22.5 billion in new private student loans originated that year.

Proposed Changes Would Eliminate FAFSA

The study’s findings come at a pivotal time in the FAFSA’s history, as the U.S. Department of Education weighs two proposals to overhaul the federal financial aid application process, one of which would carry out President Obama’s campaign promise to eliminate the FAFSA completely.

The FAFSA — currently the only way for families to apply for federal financial aid for college and graduate school — advertises itself as requiring only one hour to complete. But the six-page application calls for families to provide information about their adjusted gross income, marital status, value of their personal property, and taxable income — hurdles, Kantrowitz says, that “may deter students from applying for federal aid.”

A revamp of the FAFSA or of the application process itself could encourage more students to apply for federal student loans, which are typically less costly than private student loans, generally offering lower, fixed interest rates and more flexible repayment terms.

One proposal being considered would simplify the financial aid application form to require only adjusted gross income figures and tax exemption numbers. The other plan that’s been suggested would eliminate an application form altogether and allow the Internal Revenue Service to pass on information from financial aid applicants’ tax returns directly to the Department of Education.

Kantrowitz says a change in the financial aid application process may, in particular, help students from low-income families. His study found that low-income students have been more likely to end up turning to private student loans, which will generally cost them more than federal college loans would: Students from families who earn less than $50,000 a year accounted for two-thirds of those borrowers who financed their education solely with private loans.

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Stimulus Funds Give Oregon Pell-Grant Recipients a Boost

Student Loan Girl — Tue, 07 Apr 2009 18:54:00 GMT

Funding from President Obama’s stimulus plan will soon reach Oregon college students in the form of almost $280 million in Pell Grant funds, a 41-percent jump over the previous year, reports the Portland Business Journal (“Stimulus boosts Oregon Pell Grants to $279.4 million,” March 31, 2009).

This funding boost will translate to about a $500-award increase for Oregon Pell Grant recipients, which the students can use to offset the $18,500 in tuition it costs on average to attend one of the state’s six public institutions.

Approximately 10 percent of the nearly 180,000 students who enroll in Oregon’s public colleges and universities during the 2009–10 school year will benefit from the stimulus money; they could see their maximum Pell Grant award bumped up to as much as $5,350.

Donna Fossum, student financial aid director at Western Oregon University, says the new maximum award amount is almost enough to cover all tuition costs at her institution, at which about one-in- four students rely on Pell Grants to help pay for college.

At Portland State University, Oregon’s largest institution by enrollment, more than 45 percent of the school’s 27,000 students receive Pell Grants, the Portland Business Journal reports.

It’s “amazing” that Oregon college students are getting the extra money for school, says Mary Moller, the associate director of government relations for Portland State University.

Although the $500 increase may not seem like a deal big, says Phillip Rodgers, director of student financial aid at PSU, it matters to students. “They’re watching closely. Everything (that) helps them be able to afford going to school helps.”

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Federal Student Loan Lenders Fight for Survival

Student Loan Girl — Mon, 30 Mar 2009 23:52:00 GMT

In what is being viewed as a direct hit to private third-party lenders in the Federal Family Education Loan Program who are fighting to keep the program alive, the U.S. Department of Education’s preliminary data paints the FFEL program as a costly and ineffective system with a 7.3-percent student loan default rate, two whole points higher than the default rate for the Direct Loan Program (“Private Lenders Brace for Fight Over Student-Loan Role,” The Wall Street Journal, March 27, 2009).

Since its launch in the 1960s, FFELP has been the primary source of federal student loans. This year the FFEL program has already lent more than $56 billion in student loans, while the Direct Loan Program has lent just $20 billion. But President Obama has proposed axing the FFEL program, which costs the federal government billions of dollars in subsidies each year, in favor of the government’s Direct Loan Program, through which families borrow directly from the government.

FFELP lenders have said that the Education Department’s untimely release of the student loan default rate data — taken from fiscal year 2007 — was purely political since the government has never released preliminary default rate data and has never broken down the data by the two programs. Industry analysts say the data reflects the differences in the two programs: FFELP lenders typically cater to more students from for-profit schools who tend to default at a higher rate than students in the Direct Loan Program.

Department of Education officials have said they released the data in response to a U.S. Freedom of Information Act request from The Wall Street Journal and inquiries from Congressional leaders.

“It’s unfortunate the rates are being released before there is an analysis of them,” said Brett Lief, president of the National Council of Higher Education Loan Programs, a trade group that represents FFELP lenders and federal loan guarantee agencies. “This is very serious stuff and I’m saddened that it has come out like this.”

No Cut-and-Dry Solution to the FFELP Dilemma

While the Consumer Bankers Association, which represents certain FFELP lenders, has sent Congress a 2,500-signature petition asking legislators to reject the president’s proposal to eliminate the FFEL program, industry observers don’t see the battle over FFELP ending quickly or simply.

The Congressional Budget Office has said eliminating the program would save the government nearly $100 billion over the next 10 years, which President Obama plans to redirect to the Federal Pell Grant program. This potential funding boost for Pell Grants, which are awarded to the nation’s neediest students, could make it harder for legislators who support FFELP to successfully argue to keep the program alive.

However, some legislators who oppose the FFEL program face strong opposition from their home-state guarantee agencies that work with FFELP lenders to service college loans for students in their state. Legislators may also have to battle student loan giant Sallie Mae, which has said that keeping certain elements of FFELP might actually make it possible for the government to draw additional Pell Grant funding from FFELP itself. Sallie Mae has also pointed out that its borrowers, who partake in default prevention programs through state loan-guarantee agencies, are 30 percent less likely to default than direct loan borrowers.

“It’s certainly possible Congress would eliminate the program,” said Terry Hartle, a senior vice president of the American Council of Education, a trade group representing colleges and universities. “But it’s equally possible — and perhaps more so — to wring more savings out of the [FFEL] program and put the savings into Pell.”

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Aid Administrators to Lawmakers: “Don’t Kill Guaranteed Student Loans”

Student Loan Girl — Wed, 25 Mar 2009 00:02:00 GMT

Just as Congress is about to vote on President Obama’s plan to end the government’s Federal Family Education Loan Program, through which families get their student loans from private third-party lenders, a lender advocacy group is urging lawmakers to consider an alternative to the president’s proposal, reports The Chronicle of Higher Education (“Student-Aid Administrators Urge Lawmakers to Reconsider Killing Guaranteed Loans,” March 19, 2009).

Currently, college students can take out student loans through private lenders using the FFEL program, or directly from the Department of Education through the government’s Direct Loan Program, which Obama hopes to establish as the sole provider of federal student loans.

Instead of doing away with FFELP lenders altogether, the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators proposes creating a new federal student loan model that would allow FFELP lenders to continue their participation in the federal student loan program, but under different roles.

FFEL Program Participants Would Serve New Roles

In a memo sent to Congress, NASFAA president Philip R. Day Jr. proposes that student loans be financed through the sale of government subsidized bonds to investors and that the proceeds be used to disburse student loans to colleges, who will in turn apply the funds directly to students’ accounts, similar to how direct lending functions today.

Under the NASFAA’s proposal, private lenders would no longer market college loans to students but could bid on Education Department contracts that would allow them to originate, disburse, and service the loans. Nonprofit agencies and former guarantors would no longer guarantee student loans, but would instead provide default- management services to students, including entrance and exit counseling on their repayment options.

A unique feature of NASFAA’s proposal would allow family members, friends, and private companies to receive a tax credit in exchange for paying off a portion or all of a borrower’s debt. State-based nonprofit lenders would still be allowed to offer loan-forgiveness programs for students entering in-demand professions.

Congress Urged to Consider Alternatives

Earlier last week, the NASFAA asked lawmakers to go slow when considering Obama’s plan. Lawmakers were also urged to engage in “deliberative” discussions regarding the future of student lending, The Chronicle reported, instead of just “ramming through” the government’s proposal to end the guaranteed lending program.

Obama’s plan aims to eliminate guaranteed lending for students through a budget resolution outlining the government’s spending plan.

If that resolution includes instructions to Congress’ education committees to consider Obama’s proposal by way of the budget reconciliation process, Day says it would be the death knell of the FFEL program and “prevent a full vetting of alternative proposals.”

The NASFAA has asked legislators to convene a stakeholder’s meeting to consider other viable options to reform the federal student loan program.

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More Schools Offering Direct Student Loans

Student Loan Girl — Fri, 13 Mar 2009 21:25:00 GMT

The direct student loan program — which President Obama wants to establish as the sole provider of federal student loans by 2010 — is swiftly gaining ground on the Federal Family Education Loan Program.

In the past year, the number of college and universities originating loans through the Direct Loan Program has increased by more than 50 percent, reports USA Today (“Government’s Direct Student Loan Program Gets a Boost,” March 10, 2009). More than 1,600 schools are offering direct loans, up from 548 schools in 2007, according to the Department of Education, while the number of schools offering FFELP loans fell by 3.6 percent during the same time period.

Currently, students are able to get federal student loans from one of two government programs: the Federal Family Education Loan Program, through which students borrow money from private third- party lenders that are subsidized by the government, or the Direct Loan Program, through which families borrow money directly from the Department of Education.

Direct Loan Program: The Future of Federal Student Loans

However, President Obama recently announced a plan that would eliminate the proven 44-year-old FFEL program, which is responsible for making three out of every four federal student loans. The move would transform the Direct Loan Program from a minority player in the student loan industry to the nation’s only originator of federal student loans.

The president’s plan could reduce the government’s student loan costs and save the government $4 billion, Obama administration officials suggest.

Critics of the president’s proposal — which include private student loan lenders — contest the government’s $4 billion savings estimate and fear that the Department of Education won’t be able to handle the surge in loan volume that would occur if the Direct Lending Program became the only originator of federal student loans. Families could be forced to endure poor customer service from an overburdened system, and could encounter difficulties in getting the funds they need for school, critics say.

Besides excellent customer service and a long-running track record of success, private lenders have another advantage over direct lending, says Barry Feierstein, executive vice president of Sallie Mae.

“Private lender and loan guarantors have a system to help borrowers avoid defaulting on their loans,” he says. “That level of outreach doesn't exist in the federal direct loan program.”

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74% of Sallie Mae Loans Could Disappear Under Obama Plan

Student Loan Girl — Thu, 12 Mar 2009 19:21:00 GMT

Sallie Mae — the largest provider of college student loans in the country — may ultimately see three quarters of its student loan business evaporate under a plan by President Obama that would end government subsidies to third-party lenders and establish the federal government as the sole provider of federal student loans, reports Bloomberg.com (“Sallie Mae May Lose 74% of Loans Under Obama Budget,” Feb. 27, 2009).

Last year, the student loan giant made a total of $24.2 billion in student loans, with $17.9 billion, or 74 percent, backed or subsidized by the federal government.

If Obama’s plan is approved, students would no longer get their federal student loans through private third-party lenders participating in the Federal Family Education Loan Program — which currently provides the bulk of federal student loans to college students — and would instead get their federal student loan funds directly from the government through the Direct Loan Program.

The government’s new plan — a plan that financial analyst Matt Snowling of financial services firm Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co says has “blindsided” the student loan industry — threatens to reduce Sallie Mae to a debt collector and servicer for the government.

However, Sallie Mae isn’t likely to protest Obama’s new student loan strategy, says William Ryan, an analyst at Portales Partners, LLC, a New York-based stock rating service, since the lender is bidding on a contract to become the government’s servicer of student loans. That contract could bring in $250 million over four years according to analysts’ estimates.

While Education Secretary Arne Duncan has said that switching to government-funded student loans could save the government as much as $4 billion per year, Snowling says that the move could vastly alter the student loan marketplace, making borrowing much more difficult for students.

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Minnesota College Students May Miss Out on Pell Grant Increase

Student Loan Girl — Thu, 05 Mar 2009 20:48:00 GMT

In spite of an increase to the maximum federal Pell Grant award of more than $800 — mandated by President Obama’s stimulus plan — Minnesota college students may not receive a single percent increase in funds due to the way the state distributes its Pell Grant awards, the Minnesota Daily reports (“Students Aren’t Guaranteed Pell Grant Increase,” March 2, 2009).

In Minnesota, federal Pell Grants — which are awarded to low-income students based on need — are linked to state grants. Historically, when a larger amount of Pell Grant money comes into the state than was expected, the Minnesota legislature reduces state grant awards.

This exact scenario occurred a year after Minnesota received a Pell Grant fund increase of $55 million in 2003. That year, the local legislature reduced state grants by about $18 million, resulting in almost 3,000 fewer students receiving state aid, according to the Minnesota Office of Higher Education.

“If [students] are getting both the state [grant] and the Pell [Grant], they’ll keep getting what they’ve always gotten, but I’m not sure if they will see any significant increase,” said Republican Sen. Claire Robling, the Senate Higher Education Committee’s ranking minority member.

Although MOHE, which distributes state aid, assures students that they should receive at least a portion of the increase from the stimulus funds, the Minnesota Senate’s Higher Education Committee members are concerned that the state’s $5 billion budget shortfall will force the state to redistribute excess student aid funds to programs that show a greater need than higher education.

At the same time that many students are wondering if they’ll ever see a portion of the $800 Pell Grant increase, University of Minnesota president Bob Bruininks says he has earmarked those funds for a different purpose. Faced with a $151 million budget cut, Bruininks is hoping that his institution will be able to use the stimulus money to hold the university’s tuition increase to 10 percent.

Rodrigo Zamith, a journalism senior at the university who receives Pell Grants, is worried about his bottom line. He’s afraid that students may start resenting state legislators if they redistribute the excess Pell Grant funds, intended for college students, to other programs.

“$800 for students matters a lot,” Zamith said. “For me, that’s two months worth of rent.”

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House Dems Get Second Crack at Higher Education Appropriations Bill

Student Loan Girl — Wed, 25 Feb 2009 23:23:00 GMT

Just days after President Obama signed a $787 billion economic stimulus bill into law, House Democrats have reintroduced a $410 billion overdue appropriations measure that would finance dozens of federal agencies and programs, including many related to higher education, whose budgets went unapproved during the last session of Congress, reports The Chronicle of Higher Education (“Delayed Appropriations Bill Would Increase Pell Grant and Research Funds,” Feb. 24, 2009).

During the tail end of the Bush administration, democratic lawmakers chose to put the original appropriations bill on the back burner after President Bush threatened to veto any measure that would exceed his fiscal budget. Instead, legislators passed a “continuing resolution” to fund the budgetless organizations at fiscal 2008 levels through March 6, so that legislators could revisit the appropriations bill under a new administration.

Lawmakers, after being delayed by work on the stimulus bill, are finally taking a second look at the appropriations bill just days before the continuing resolution’s termination date and President Obama’s scheduled release of his fiscal year 2010 budget.

The proposed spending bill will “keep the government running and finish last year’s business,” said David Obey D-Wis., head of the House Appropriations Committee, as wells as complement the Obama administration’s economic recovery package.

While the proposed budget measure will provide expanded funding to a variety of agencies and programs, it currently offers few specific financing details. The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education could get $133.7 million to fund projects intended to model improvements to college education and accessibility, the Gear Up program could get $313.2 million to help financially needy middle and high school students prepare for college, and the government’s student financial aid programs could get a $19.2 billion boost.

The House Appropriations Committee bill would also expand research funding for the National Institutes of Health by $938 million, and provide an additional $347 million in funding to the Federal Pell Grant Program, drawing on the budget previously allocated for the underutilized, and Bush administration-supported, Academic Competitiveness and National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent grant programs.

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Tens of Thousands of College Work-Study Students to Benefit From Stimulus

Student Loan Girl — Tue, 24 Feb 2009 22:08:00 GMT

An additional 130,000 college work-study students may have jobs next year thanks to the economic-stimulus bill that President Obama just signed into law which allocates approximately $200 million in new funding for Federal Work-Study Programs, reports The Chronicle of Higher Education (“Economic-Stimulus Law Creates Jobs for Students, Too,” Feb. 19, 2009).

The money, which colleges should receive by April 1 of this year, will not be tied to a new community service requirement as some higher education officials had expected. Work-study funds will be distributed to undergraduate and graduate students next year based upon “existing formulas and information that colleges have already submitted.”

With the additional $200 billion in stimulus money, Federal Work- Study Programs could receive $1 billion in total funding this fiscal year — a level not seen since 2001, The Chronicle reports.

College work-study programs have widespread support in Congress, unlike Pell Grants and tax credits, notes Cynthia Littlefield, director of federal relations for the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities.

“Federal Work-Study continues to be highly regarded in a very bipartisan manner on Capitol Hill because everybody realizes the importance and purpose of it,” said Littlefield. “Everyone understands the concept of working your way through school.”

Although the $200 million in stimulus funding for colleges is targeted at providing more work-study jobs, it may not be so easy for schools to get the money that will create the new jobs for their students, The Chronicle suggests.

Since colleges match the Federal Work-Study money on a 25-percent to 75-percent basis, schools can only qualify for the additional funds if they have the extra institutional funds on hand to match the federal money.

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